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MUSCLE

REGION

ORIGIN

INSERTION

PRIMARY 

ACTION

SECONDARY 

ACTION

INNERVATION

ventral rami of the T12 subcostal nerve, L1 to L4 spinal nerve
(T12, L1, L2, L3, L4)

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Ipsilateral lumbar rotation

Lumbar stabilizer

iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

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medial half of lower border of rib 12

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Torso

Quadratus lumborum

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ventral rami of C1 to C2
(C1, C2)

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​

Head ipsilateral lateral flexion

occipital bone

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transverse process of C1 (atlas)

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Torso

Rectus Capitis Lateralis

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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)

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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic lateral flexion, ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic rotation, expiration

Lumbar to thoracic flexion

lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament, middle lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, body of pubis, pubic crest, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) - most fibres

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9th to 12th ribs

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Torso

Internal Oblique

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ventral rami of T1 to T12
(T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12)

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​

Expiration

2nd to 6th costal cartilages

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body of sternum, xiphoid process, 4th to 7th costal cartilages

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Torso

Transversus Abdominis

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dorsal ramus of C1
(C1)

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​

Head ipsilateral Rotation

transverse process of C1 (atlas)

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spinous process of C2 (axis)

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Torso

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

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ventral rami of the T12 subcostal nerve, L1 to L4 spinal nerve
(T12, L1, L2, L3, L4)

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Ipsilateral lumbar rotation

Lumbar stabilizer

iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

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medial half of lower border of rib 12

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Torso

Quadratus lumborum

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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)

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Core stabilizer

Lumbar to thoracic flexion

pubic symphysis, pubic crest

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xiphoid process, Costal cartilages of 5th to 7th ribs

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Torso

Rectus Abdominis

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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)

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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic lateral flexion, contralateral lumbar to thoracic rotation, expiration

Lumbar to thoracic flexion

outer lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, linea alba, pubic tubercle, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF)

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5th to 12th ribs, Costal cartilages of 5th to 10th ribs

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Torso

External Oblique

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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)

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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic lateral flexion, ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic rotation, expiration

Lumbar to thoracic flexion

lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament, middle lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, body of pubis, pubic crest, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) - most fibres

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9th to 12th ribs

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Torso

Internal Oblique

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Long thoracic nerve
(C5, C6, C7)

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Scapula lateral rotation

Scapula protraction

Medial border of the scapula

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1st to 9th ribs, 1st to 8th intercostal fascia

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Upper Limb, Torso

Serratus Anterior

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ventral rami of T6 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12)

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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic rotation

Raising intra-abdominal pressure

lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament, inner lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, pubic crest, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF)(most fibres)

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costal cartilages of 7th to 10th ribs, 11th to 12th ribs

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Torso

Transversus thoracis

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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)

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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic lateral flexion, contralateral lumbar to thoracic rotation, expiration

Lumbar to thoracic flexion

outer lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, linea alba, pubic tubercle, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF)

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5th to 12th ribs, Costal cartilages of 5th to 10th ribs

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Torso

External Oblique

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MUSCULOSKELORDLE

Lower Limb Mode

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Lower Limb

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Upper Limb

Abductor Hallucis

Lower Limb

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Upper Limb

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Upper Limb

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Upper Limb Musculoskelordle
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Torso Musculoskelordle

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Biceps Brachii

Triceps Brachii

Latissimus Dorsi

Brachioradialis

Latissimus Dorsi

Longissimus

Brachialis

Coracobrachialis

Biceps Brachii

Rectus Femoris

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