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MUSCLE
REGION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
PRIMARY
ACTION
SECONDARY
ACTION
INNERVATION
ventral rami of the T12 subcostal nerve, L1 to L4 spinal nerve
(T12, L1, L2, L3, L4)
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Ipsilateral lumbar rotation
Lumbar stabilizer
iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
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medial half of lower border of rib 12
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Torso
Quadratus lumborum
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ventral rami of C1 to C2
(C1, C2)
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Head ipsilateral lateral flexion
occipital bone
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transverse process of C1 (atlas)
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Torso
Rectus Capitis Lateralis
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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)
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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic lateral flexion, ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic rotation, expiration
Lumbar to thoracic flexion
lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament, middle lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, body of pubis, pubic crest, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) - most fibres
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9th to 12th ribs
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Torso
Internal Oblique
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ventral rami of T1 to T12
(T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12)
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Expiration
2nd to 6th costal cartilages
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body of sternum, xiphoid process, 4th to 7th costal cartilages
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Torso
Transversus Abdominis
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dorsal ramus of C1
(C1)
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Head ipsilateral Rotation
transverse process of C1 (atlas)
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spinous process of C2 (axis)
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Torso
Obliquus Capitis Inferior
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ventral rami of the T12 subcostal nerve, L1 to L4 spinal nerve
(T12, L1, L2, L3, L4)
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Ipsilateral lumbar rotation
Lumbar stabilizer
iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
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medial half of lower border of rib 12
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Torso
Quadratus lumborum
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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)
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Core stabilizer
Lumbar to thoracic flexion
pubic symphysis, pubic crest
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xiphoid process, Costal cartilages of 5th to 7th ribs
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Torso
Rectus Abdominis
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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)
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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic lateral flexion, contralateral lumbar to thoracic rotation, expiration
Lumbar to thoracic flexion
outer lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, linea alba, pubic tubercle, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF)
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5th to 12th ribs, Costal cartilages of 5th to 10th ribs
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Torso
External Oblique
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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)
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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic lateral flexion, ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic rotation, expiration
Lumbar to thoracic flexion
lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament, middle lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, body of pubis, pubic crest, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) - most fibres
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9th to 12th ribs
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Torso
Internal Oblique
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Long thoracic nerve
(C5, C6, C7)
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Scapula lateral rotation
Scapula protraction
Medial border of the scapula
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1st to 9th ribs, 1st to 8th intercostal fascia
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Upper Limb, Torso
Serratus Anterior
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ventral rami of T6 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12)
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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic rotation
Raising intra-abdominal pressure
lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament, inner lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, pubic crest, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF)(most fibres)
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costal cartilages of 7th to 10th ribs, 11th to 12th ribs
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Torso
Transversus thoracis
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ventral rami of T7 to T12, L1 spinal nerve
(T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, L1)
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Ipsilateral lumbar to thoracic lateral flexion, contralateral lumbar to thoracic rotation, expiration
Lumbar to thoracic flexion
outer lip of anterior 2/3 iliac crest, linea alba, pubic tubercle, thoracolumbar fascia (TLF)
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5th to 12th ribs, Costal cartilages of 5th to 10th ribs
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Torso
External Oblique
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MUSCULOSKELORDLE
Upper Limb Mode
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Lower Limb
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Upper Limb
Abductor Hallucis
Lower Limb
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Upper Limb
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Upper Limb
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